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KMID : 0903619890300010075
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
1989 Volume.30 No. 1 p.75 ~ p.85
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Basic Studies for Interspecific Hybridization between Native and Introduced Azaleas
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이정식/Lee, Jeong Sik
이종석/소인섭/홍영표/조진태/이기의/정순주/Lee, Jong Suk/So, In Sup/Hong, Young Pyo/Cho, Jin Tae/Lee, Ki Eui/Jeong, Sun Zu
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Abstract
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Native and introduced species of Rhododendron were investigated to obtain basic information on soil adaptability and photosynthetic ability. Results are summarized as follows:
○ Investigation of native site soil environmental condition
1. Soils of 20 natually growing locations from 6 provinces exhibited pH of slightly acidic response and relatively high in organic matter when compared to the average Korean upland soil. However, levels of nitrogen (N) phosphate (P₂O_5) potassium (K) calcium (Ca) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soil were lower than those of the average upland soil, culture those levels were much lower than the soils recommended for the conventional pot while but did not show any nutrition disorder there. Generally, soils of native site for Rhododendron mucronulatum were more fertile than those of native site for Rhododendron schlippenhachii and Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense. Differences in soil conditions were greater among the native sites than among Provinces. Soils of the native site in Hanra mountain showed significantly higher organic matter contents than the others.
2. Soils of the native site for R. mucronulatum were slightly worse than those for R. yedoense var. poukhanense.
3. Soils of native sites for R. schlippenbachii and R. yedoense var. poukhanense were much less adequate than those for pot culture. Contents of iron (Fe) and organic matter, however, were even higher.
○ Photosynthesis ability study
Photosynthetic abilities of 3 domestic species and 5 introduced species were examined in July and in October.
1, In July, light saturation point of R. schlippenbachii was lowest (40.0klux) and that of R. mucronulatum was highest (48.5klux). Temperature required for light saturation was 16℃ for R. schlippenbachii, R, yedoense var. poukhanense, R, japonicum, 22℃ for R. mucronulatum, R. mucronatum, 24℃ for R. obtusum, and 20℃ for R. indicum.
Photosynthetic abilities (CO₂mg/dm/hr) of R. yedoense var. poukhanense and R. mucronulatum among native species and R. obtusum, R. indicum among introduced species were higher than the others. R. schlippenbachii, R. japonicum and R. mucronatum had the lowest photosynthetic abilities. Light compensation points of all 8 species were either 2.3klux or 2.8klux at 20℃.
2. In October, light saturation points of all species were two to four times higher than those in July. Highest light saturation point (160.0klux) was observed with R. schlippenbachii, and light saturation points were decreased in the following order of R. indicum. R. yedoense var, poukhanense, R. obtusum, R. mucronatum, and R. japonicum. However, all of them were above 120.0klux and R. simsii hybrid (azalea) grown in the greenhouse resulted in relatively lower light saturation point of 87.0klux. Temperatures required for light saturaiton were generally higher than those of July, such as 18℃ for R. japonicum, 20℃ for R. shlippenbachii, R. obtusum, R. indicum, R. mucronatum, and 24℃ for R. yedoense var. poukhauense and R. mucronulatum.
High photosynthetic abilities were observed in R. obtusum and R. indicum with highest reading from R. yedoense var. poukhanense. Increasing trend of photosynthetic ability was observed in the following order of R. schlippenbachii, R. mucronatum, R. japonicum, R. simsii x, R, mucronulatum with lowest reading with R. schlippenbachii.
Light compensation point readings with R. schlippenbachii, R. indicum, R. mucronatum, R, simsii x were lower in October than in July. Light compensation point readings from R. yedoense var. poukhaxense, R. mucronulatum, R. japoxiicunz were higher in October than in July, while similar readings were observed in R. obtusum. Light intensity and temperature required for light saturation were generally higher in October than in July, while photosynthetic ability was lower. Temperature required for the light compensation point was higher in October than in July, while light requirement was either higher or lower.
3. In July, photosynthetic abilities of 8 species under low light intensity were not significantly different. Light saturation points under low light intensity were high in R. mucronulatum, R. indicum, R. yedoense var. poukhane, while low in R, japonicum, R. mucronatum, R. schlippenbachii with lowest photosynthetic ability readings from R. schlippenbachii. Change of photosynthetic abilities according to the change of light intensity showed more linear curve in figure than in October.
4. In October, photosynthetic ability change according to the change of light intensity was quite unpredictable. High photosynthetic ability readings were observed from R. indicum, R. obtusum, and the highest from R. yedoettse var. poukhanense. Low photosynthetic ability readings were observed from R. mucronulatum, R. simsii x, R. japonicum, and the lowest in R. mucronatum.
5. In July, photosynthetic ability changes according to the change of temperature were less in R. mucronulatum, R. yedoense var. poukhanense, R. mucronatum, R. japonicum and greater in R. indicum, R. obtusum.
6. In October, changes of photosynthetic ability according to the change of temperature were less in R. yedoense var. poukhanense, R. mucronulatum, R. japonicum, R. mucronatum, and greater in R. simsii x, R. obtusum, R. indicum.
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